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Causes of unemployment in Bangladesh:

 

1) Rapid Population Growth:

 It is the leading cause of unemployment in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, particularly in ruralareas, the population is increasing rapidly. It has adversely affected the unemployment situationlargely in two ways. In the first place, the growth of population directly encouraged theunemployment by making large addition to labor force. It is because the rate of job expansioncould never have been as high as population growth would have required.It is true that the increasing labor force requires the creation of new job opportunities at anincreasing rate. But in actual practice employment expansion has not been sufficient to match thegrowth of the labor force, and to reduce the back leg of unemployment. This leads tounemployment situation secondly; the rapid population growth indirectly affected theunemployment situation by reducing the resources for capital formation. Any rise in population,over a large absolute base as in India, implies a large absolute number.It means large additional expenditure on their rearing up, maintenance, and education. As aconsequence, more resources get used up in private consumption such as food, clothing, shelterand son on in public consumption like drinking water, electricity medical and educationalfacilities. This has reduced the opportunities of diverting a larger proportion of incomes to savingand investment. Thus, population growth has created obstacles in the way of first growth of theeconomy and retarded the growth of job opportunities.

2) Limited land:

 Land is the gift of nature. It is always constant and cannot expand like population growth. Since,Bangladesh population increasing rapidly, therefore, the land is not sufficient for the growingpopulation. As a result, there is heavy pressure on the land. In rural areas, most of the peopledepend directly on land for their livelihood. Land is very limited in comparison to population. Itcreates the unemployment situation for a large number of persons who depend on agriculture inrural areas.

3) Seasonal Agriculture:

 In Rural Society agriculture is the only means of employment. However, most of the rural peopleare engaged directly as well as indirectly in agricultural operation. But, agriculture in Bangladeshis basically a seasonal affair. It provides employment facilities to the rural people only in aparticular season of the year. For example, during the sowing and harvesting period, people arefully employed and the period between the post harvest and before the next sowing they remainunemployed. It has adversely affected their standard of living.

4) Fragmentation of land: